Software
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Linux Swap File
===============

You can add another Linux swap file to your VPS. This guide should work on most Linux distributions.Please note that the given paths may vary on your VPS. If you want to locate your file on a different path, you need to edit it.

1. Create a 1GB file

.. code-block:: console

    fallocate -l 1G /data/newswapfile

If **fallocate** isn't available you can use **dd**

.. code-block:: console

    dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/newswapfile bs=1024 count=1048576

2. Edit permissions so that only **root** got accees to that file

.. code-block:: console

    chmod 600 /data/newswapfile

3. To make the file a swap file use **mkswap**

.. code-block:: console

    mkswap /data/newswapfile

4. Now enable the swap file

.. code-block:: console

    swapon /data/newswapfile

5. You can verify it with

.. code-block:: console
   
    swapon --show

6. Finally, make it permanent to persit after reboots. Add the following line to your **/etc/fstab**

.. code-block:: console

    /data/newswapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

Debian 11 Kernel
================

Debian 11 is shipped with Kernel 5.10. This Kernel seems to have some issues with virtual server environment. It happens to get errors upon rebooting the server. Only an immediate restart via the control panel seems to help in such a case.

We recommend using a higher Kernl from the backport repository. Here are the steps to install another Kernel version:

.. code-block:: bash

    cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
    echo "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
    apt-get update
    apt-cache search linux-image | grep bpo
    apt-get install linux-image-5.16.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 linux-headers-5.16.0-0.bpo.4-amd64

In this example it will install Kernel 5.16 to your VPS. After installing the Kernel you need to reboot your VPS via the control panel once.